Architecture

 Ancient Egyptian Architecture Because there was only a little bit of lumber, the ancient egyptian used sun baked sandstone, mud brick, and stone. Also limestone and granite was used but rarely lumber was used. Floods made a lot of the Egyptian towns disappear. But the pyramids and all the temples that survived are built in high land. In the houses, and buildings there were always hieroglyphics and clolorful pictures on the wall. Hieroglyphics are put on the wall to record historic events, spells and alos serve for decorative purposes. Some of the designs and patterns includes, palm leaves, papyrus leaves, and the flower petals of a lotus. The tool that was used by foremen was the measuring rod, to measure the water level. The tools for workers are buckets and baskets to carry mud. Instead of a wheel barrow these people use yokes. Yokes are made out of wood and pulled by oxen. They are used for pulling a load. Abu Simbel ** On the west banks of NIle, there is the masterpiece of ancient Egyptian architecture, Abut Simbel. This structure contains a temple dedicated to Ramses II and Nefertiti, Ramses II's wife. In this temple there is a forecourt, which contains two ablutions where the priest takes a bath. Ablutions are used for cleaning eveil things on the body. At the front of the buildings there are four statues of Ramses and his family at his feet. The front of this building is also lined up by twenty two boas. There is also a grand hall, supported by eight statues of Ramses in the shape of Asiris. On the north side of the hall stood statues of Ramses wearing a double crown, on the south side of the hall the statues were wearing a white crwon. The walls are decorated with pictures of Ramses at war. Away from the great hall is another hall, supported by four flower decorated poles. On the walls are pictures of Ramses and his wife Nefertiti making offerings to Amun and Ra. There is another temple of Nefertiti in the Abu Simbel. Cobras on the front of the temple are used to guard the temple doors. Tere were also two statues of Ramses and one statue of Nefertiti in front of the temple. The statues were the same size and it was unusual because in other cultures the king is way more powerful than the queen. There is a hall inside supported by four Hathor headed poles. The eastern side of the wall is decorated with pictures of Ramses II in war; on the other side are the pictures of Nefertiti and Ramses II ofering sacrifices to the gods. ** Temple of Osiris **  The temple was originally built during the time of Seti who restored all the gods Akhenaton have banished. Seti was the father of Ramses II. There are 2 courts on the way leading to the temple which make an illusion of the entrance sloping upwards. Unfortunately the entrance has been mostly destroyed, now the front of the temple is supported by twelve pillars with sacred images to welcome Osiris, Isis and HOrus. Ramses built the very first outer hall of the temple. The decorations ar not found as good and nice as the second inner hall built by Seti. It was said that Ramses used low skilled craftsmen and workers to work on this temple. In the hall that Seti built, there are seven separated holy place dedicated to Seti, Horus, Osirus, Isis, Amun, Mut, and Khensu. The doors of these places were locked and only the high priest that was devoted to one god could enter the god's holy place. There are amazing paintings one the walls in these rooms, the paints on Osiris's wall is the most impressive. The temple also has a king's gallery which contains the list names of the gods and also had seventy processors of Seti. Thi king's gallery was priceless information for historians. ** Temple of Luxor ** The temple of Luxor is one of the most important temples. It is used for festivals, during the eighteenth dynasty; a ceremony lasted for eleven days in this temple of Luxor. This temple is located on the east bank of the nIle. The temples are dedicated to Theban, Triad, Amun, Mut, and Chons and it was built in the New Kingdom. It is the ceonter of the festival of Opet, where the statue of Amun was march along the nIle. It is a festival of fertility.
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Valley of the Queens ** In the valley of the queens, there are between seventy five- eighty tombs of ancient Egyptian queens of the eighteenth, nineteen, and the twenty dynasties. Some of them include the tombs of Queen Tyti, and Nefertiti. Queen Tyti is a twenty dynasty queen. One of her tomb chambers has paintings of her giving offerings to Hathor. On the next chamber there are paintings of her making offerings to Neith, Osiris, Selpuit, Nephthys and Thoth. Queen Nefertiti is said to be the prettiest. Not only her tomb was said to be the prettiest, but she was also said to be the "prettiest among them". She wore a golden crown, and white gown. On the side room there is one scene of the queen worshipping a mummified body of Osiris.

  Information Bilbiography en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_architecture www.reshafirm.org.il/ad/egypt/building <span style="font-size: 110%; color: windowtext; font-family: Arial; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none; textunderline: none;">[|www.aldokan.com/art/abusimbel.com] [|www.summittoursegypt.com/historicalinfor2b] www.touregypt.net/queens <span style="font-size: 140%; color: #af8e28; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;"> Picture Bilbiography <span style="font-size: 90%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 80%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">[|www.pbase.com/ ebhawley/image/73051114] [|www.taniamarie.com/ Mystical_Egypt___Photos.html] <span style="font-size: 80%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">[|www.tripadvisor.com/ LocationPhotos-g294204-As...] <span style="font-size: 70%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">[|www.touregypt.net/ featurestories/luxortemple3.htm] <span style="font-size: 80%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">[|www.britannica.com/ EBchecked/topic-art/407963...] <span style="font-size: 70%; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;">[|www.oldworldartisans.com/ Fresco%20Styles.htm]

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